Έλληνες διδάκτορες αστρονομίας

Μιχαηλίδης Παναγιώτης

Μιχαλάς Δημήτριος

Θέση:	Καθηγητής ΑΕΙ/ΤΕΙ, Los Alamos National Laboratory
PhD:	1963, Dept. of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, ΗΠΑ
Τίτλος:	Model atmosphere studies of early type stars
Supervisor(s):	Oke John Beverly
Βιογραφικό:	Dimitri M. Mihalas (1939 - 2013) Dimitri Mihalas died on Thursday the 21st of November 2013. World-renowned astrophysicist Dimitri Mihalas passed away in his sleep at his home in Santa Fe, New Mexico on November 21, 2013. Dr. Mihalas retired from the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign in 1999 and from the Los Alamos National Laboratory in 2012. Dimitri, to his friends and family, has donated his body to the University of New Mexico Medical School and his library to New Mexico Tech. Dimitri was born on March 20, 1939 in Los Angeles, California where he grew up. He received his B.A., with Highest Honors, in three majors, Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, from the University of California at Los Angeles at age 20. Four years later he received his Ph.D. in Astronomy and Physics from the California Institute of Technology. He was a pioneer in computational astrophysics, and has remained a world leader in the fields of radiation transport, radiation hydrodynamics, and astrophysical quantitative spectroscopy for decades. His broad knowledge and immense contributions earned him election to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 1981 at age 42. Dimitri had an exceptional record of work. He published more than 150 papers and technical reports, authored or co-authored eight books, and co-edited three others. Three of his books have been used as textbooks for both undergraduate and graduate students worldwide and have been translated into other languages, including Russian. His book Foundations of Radiation Hydrodynamics has become the “bible” of the radiation hydrodynamics community. Dimitri wrote his Ph.D. thesis on theoretical modelings for hydrogen and helium line strengths and profiles in O-stars. He interpreted the observational data with the best theoretical analysis possible at the time. The models were computed using the then prevailing simplifying approximation of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). As shown by its high number of citations, this work, primitive by todays standards, had a major impact on the field. After joining the faculty of the Department of Astrophysical Sciences at Princeton University, Dimitri undertook new analyses of stellar abundances, devised a method for constructing a constant-flux atmosphere with convection in the full transport (not diffusion) regime, computed the first line-blanketed spectrum of a hot B star which showed that continuum- only models overestimated the effective temperature by 10% (hence luminosity by 40%), and computed a sample of H line-blanketed models accounting for the distortion of the continuum by the confluence of the hydrogen Balmer lines near 3650Å. Dimitri realized that the widely accepted approximation of LTE in stellar atmospheres is inadequate, so he undertook a major initiative to solve the analogous non-LTE problem. This is an exceptionally difficult problem owing to the need to solve self-consistently a set of coupled, highly nonlinear effects. Only the highly idealized case of a two-level atom with a single line and two continua had been solved previously. After several preliminary explorations of methodology with Auer, they reformulated the non-LTE stellar atmosphere problem in a completely original manner; applying the Newton- Raphson technique to the full nonlinear system, and iterating to convergence. This method was a breakthrough in the field – it revolutionized all further work on computing stellar atmospheres. Through his idea of “variable Eddington factors,” the method was made even more efficient. With this new methodology, Dimitri constructed an extensive, widely cited, sample of non-LTE models for hot stars, and used them to evaluate the effects of departures from LTE on observable stellar line and continuum indices. These results allowed Mihalas and Auer to perform several critical studies which were not previously possible, achieving for the first time good agreement between the computed and observed strengths of the hydrogen and helium lines, and surface gravities consistent with the stars observed masses and element abundances obtained from nebular analyses. This work has been widely cited, both for the quality of fit to observations, as well as a “gold standard” for verification of present-day calculations using much faster iterative methods. Work with Hummer led to the discovery of the physical mechanism producing the emission the N III emission lines at wavelengths 4634 – 4650Å in O((f)) stars. In the 1970s, Dimitri devised the now standard method for solving the line-transfer problem in expanding spherical atmospheres in the comoving frame. This work was summarized in the heavily cited 2nd edition of his textbook Stellar Atmospheres, which remains the standard in the field even after 25 years. A third edition (with I. Hubeny) which describes modern fast, iterative methods to solve the transfer equation, including realistic line-blanketing, is in press. In the period 1981 – 1998, as a consultant to LANL, Dimitri gave lectures on radiation hydrodynamics, for which, he received a number of “Certificate of Appreciation” by X-Division for “Outstanding Service to the Applied Theoretical Division”. In 1984 Dimitri completed the above-mentioned Foundations of Radiation Hydrodynamics. In 1999 Dover Publications reprinted it in inexpensive paperbound form at the urging of many scientists from LANL, LLNL, NRL, and the academic community. In the period 1987 – 1994 Dimitri worked with Anderson, Hummer, and B. Mihalas on the development of a modern EOS code for stellar envelopes, in support of the large British – American Opacity Project (OP) led by Professor M. J. Seaton. It emerged that the OP results are in excellent agreement (better than 10%) with the independent LLNL OPAL computations. These new opacity data significantly impact stellar evolution calculations, and have helped resolve several previous discrepancies between calculation and observation, especially with the interpretation of Cepheid variable pulsations. Jointly with Stone, Dimitri showed that the computational oscillations or diffusion, typically found in numerical simulations of a propagating radiation front in vacuum, could be eliminated by using upwind monotonic interpolation methods. They (and M. Norman) also collaborated on incorporating 2-D radiative transfer in the radiation magnetohydrodynamics code ZEUS 2-D developed at the University of Illinois and extensively used by astrophysicists. In collaboration with K.-H. Winkler and M. Norman, Dimitri developed novel implicit adaptive grid methods to solve 1-D radiation hydrodynamics problems having multiple time and space scales ranging over many orders of magnitude. Dimitri derived the “adaptive-grid transport theorem” rigorously. In 1994 – 1997, Dimitri developed TITAN, a 1-D implicit adaptive-grid code. In collaboration with Cheng at Los Alamos, Dimitri used TITAN to compute the best-ever numerical solution of the infamous Noh stagnating shock problem in planar, cylindrical, and spherical geometry. In 1999, in collaboration with Gehmeyr, and Sincell, Dimitri studied the famous Zeldovich and Heaslet/Baldwin supercritical shock problem and was able to compute the first numerical solutions for this problem. Also in the same year, Dimitri and Auer wrote “An X-6 Radiation Hydrodynamics Primer” intended for LANL use, and in 2001 they published an incisive discussion on exact relativistic laboratory-frame radiation hydrodynamics. Dimitri was honored for his many scientific contributions at the International Conference in Honor of Dimitri Mihalas for his Lifetime Scientific Contributions on the Occasion of his 70th Birthday held in Boulder, CO in late March 2009. In addition to his many scientific contributions, he also published several collections of his poetry and other writings. These other writings include "A Primer on Depression and Bipolar Disorder" and "Depression, Bipolar Disorder, and Spiritual Growth." These books have had as profound an impact as his professional textbooks and articles. Throughout his long career, Dimitri gave generously of himself to all with whom he interacted. As an advisor, role model, confidant, and friend, he saw each person as an individual, acknowledging strengths, helping overcome weaknesses, giving encouragement, and enthusiastically praising their success. He touched the lives and careers of many students and colleagues and has left a lasting legacy to be cherished by those who knew him. Reprinted with permission from Physics Today. Baolian Cheng, LANL, Los Alamos, NM John Castor, LLNL, Livermore, CA Jim Stone, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ

Μιχαλιτσιάνος Ανδρέας

Θέση:	Ερευνητής, NASA/GSFC
PhD:	1972, Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο
Τίτλος:	Magnetohydrodynamic processes in the active solar atmosphere
Supervisor(s):	Worrall Gordon - Durrant Christopher
Βιογραφικό:	Dr. Andreas -Andy- Gerasimos Michalitsianos (Greek: Ανδρέας Γεράσιμος Μιχαλιτσιάνος) (May 22, 1947 – October 29, 1997) was a Greek-American astronomer and a NASA astrophysicist, also known and published as Andrew G. Michalitsianos. Born in Alexandria, Egypt on May 22, 1947, Andreas grew up with his mother, who spoke little English and briefly, with his father. He moved with his family to New York City in 1949 and lived in the Queens borough before going to college. Michalitsianos father, Gerasimos Andreas, was a sea captain of a Greek tanker, the SS Foundation Star (formerly SS Lampas), but the ship was caught up in a hurricane and sunk in September 1952 off the coast of Norfolk, Virginia and Michalitsianos father died of pneumonia shortly after rescue. Andreas showed an early interest in astronomy and physics from an early age, winning a science contest in 1959 and serving as president of the Junior Astronomy Club in NYC where his accomplishments included leading a South American eclipse expedition. He graduated from Newtown High School in 1965 and then earned his bachelors degree in physics from the University of Arizona at Tucson in 1969, working at the nearby Kitt Peak National Observatory as a student employee in the Space Division to help pay off his college debts. His duties at Kitt Peak included the initial tests of a remotely controlled telescope. Andreas then received a scholarship and earned his Ph.D. in astrophysics from University of Cambridge, Churchill College in 1976 while doing research on a theoretical topic in solar physics. He would later work as a junior research fellow at the California Institute of Technology and then as an astrophysicist at NASAs Goddard Space Flight Center from the 1970s until his death. Michalitsianos was involved with such projects as the Hubble Space Telescope and was the Deputy Project Manager of the Observatory Branch for Goddards highly successful International Ultraviolet Explorer, in which he won several awards for his contributions. Michalitsianos eventually went on to become Chief of the Laboratory for Astronomy and Solar Physics at the Goddard Space Flight Center in early 1997, and was renowned for his breakthrough research on symbiotic stars. His many awards included the NASA Meritorious Achievement Award. Michalitsianos died on October 29, 1997 in Baltimore, Maryland after a long struggle with a brain tumor. Until his last days he was hard at work rejuvenating the Laboratory of which he had recently taken command, and on a proposal for a spacecraft to monitor temporal changes in the ultraviolet and X-ray spectra of stars and active galaxies. He is survived by a wife, two daughters, a sister, and one son. A landbased robotic telescope on the island of Cefalonia in western Greece is named in his honor. The Andreas Gerasimos Michalitsianos telescope, located within a former Hellenic Air Force communications station, has been utilized by Greek universities and The Eudoxos Project to advance Greek secondary education in introductory astronomy and physics laboratories for high school students.

Μιχαλοδημητράκης Ματθαίος

Θέση:	Καθηγητής ΑΕΙ/ΤΕΙ, Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης
PhD:	1974, Τμήμα Φυσικής, Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης, Ελλάδα
Τίτλος:	Μελέτη της κινήσεως στο πεδίον βαρύτητας περιστροφόμενης ράβδου
Supervisor(s):	Χατζηδημητρίου Ιωάννης
Βιογραφικό:	Matthaios Michalodimitrakis was born in Florina in 1943 and graduated from the Department of Physics of the University of Thessaloniki in 1967. In 1968 he was appointed assistant in the A’ Laboratory of Physics and in 1969 he moved to the Theoretical Mechanics Studiorum. In 1970 he obtained his Master degree in Electronic Physics and in 1974 he completed his PhD thesis. In 1975 he was hired as chief assistant at the Department of Physics becoming a Docent in 1980. In 1982 he was appointed as an Assistant Professor and in 1983 he was promoted to Associate Professor. He died in a car accident on May 31, 1990. Prof. Michalodimitrakis published 32 papers in refereed scientific journals, mainly on the computation of periodic orbits in the 3- and 4-body problems, in the Hill’s problem and in various galactic models. He supervised two PhD students. He wrote a book on Special Relativity and two books on the methodology of problem solving in Newtonian and Analytical Dynamics.

Μόσχου Σοφία-Παρασκευή

Μούντριχας Γεώργιος

Μουσάς Ξενοφών

Θέση:	Καθηγητής ΑΕΙ/ΤΕΙ, Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών
PhD:	1977, Τμήμα Φυσικής, Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών, Ελλάδα
Τίτλος:	Μελέτη της Διαμόρφωσης της Κοσμικής Ακτινοβολίας και Δομή του Μεσοπλανητικού Διαστήματος κατά το Γεγονός του Αυγούστου 1972
Supervisor(s):	Αποστολάκης Αλκιβιάδης - Καρούμπαλος Κωνσταντίνος
Βιογραφικό:	Professor Emeritus of Space Physics at the University of Athens (since 1996). He was born in Athens, Greece, on the 6th of March, 1947. He obtained his B.Sc. in Physics from the University of Athens (1971) and his Ph.D. in Cosmic Rays and Space Physics from the same University in 1977. He worked for four years as scientific collaborator at the University of Athens (1971-1974), as a Research Fellow (1974-1975) and as Research Assistant (1975-1977) at the Imperial College, U.K., as Assistant (1978), Chief Assistant (1979), Lecturer (1982) and Assistant Professor of Space Physics (1986) at the Department of Physics of the University of Athens, Greece. He joined for three months each year as visiting Research Fellow the Imperial College (1978-1995), and the University of Mexico as Visiting professor for 3 monthly periods. He has been elected Director of the Section of Astrophysics, Astronomy and Mechanics, Department of Physics of the University of Athens (2004), Director of the Laboratory of Astrophysics (two periods of two years), Member of the senate of the University of Athens (one year), deputy Chairman of the Department of Physics (two years), head of the Space Physics Group, head of the career’s office of the Department of Physics. He has been awarded with the American Geophysical Union "Excellence in refereeing" in Space Physics, Geophysical Research Letters, 2001. His scientific interests include Space physics (STEREO mission -NASA, Ulysses mission, the heliosphere in 3 D, Cosmic ray modulation and the heliosphere, co-investigator WAVES experiments on-board both spacecraft of the STEREO NASA mission and team member of WIND/waves experiment, NASA), Magnetospheric studies (Mars ionosphere and magnetosphere), Solar physics (ARTEMIS IV Digital Radio Spectrograph, 7 m diameter, at Thermopylae, Greece, a French-Greek collaboration, Non-linear RLC model of the solar cycle), Stellar winds/astrophysical flows, Plasma Physics, Space physics, History of Astronomy. He has been reviewer of the European Science Foundation. He was among the scientists who constructed and operate the Franco-Hellenic solar radio spectrograph ARTEMIS (at Thermopylae), which observes the Sun in radio frequencies ranging from 20 to 650 MHz, receiving 110 spectra every second. His scientific group participates in several experiments on board various spacecrafts (Ulysses, Wind, STEREO I & II). He is a member of the International Astronomical Union (IAU), of the American Geophysical Union, of the Hellenic Physical Society and a founding member of the Hellenic Astronomical Society (Hel.A.S.). He has been member of the Administrative Council of Hel.A.S. and editor of the magazine of this Society (Hipparchos). He has published more than 58 articles in international journals, several chapters or articles in books, several book reviews and a large number of articles in popular science magazines (in Greek). He has great interest to outreach and science popularization. He studies the oldest known astronomical instrument, that has Hipparchos mathematical signature, the Antikythera Mechanism, an analogue computer of the 2nd century BC, with marvellous functions that predicts eclipses and Lunar motions with a good approximation of Keplers 2nd law. He has created many exhibitions and has delivered many public lectures concerning this device in several countries (in Museums, Planetaria, UNESCO and The Library of Alexandria). Main Textbooks: 1) Space Physics, Greek Open University, Patras, 2003, 2) Notes for the students: Space physics (with one co-author), 3) Introduction to Astrophysics (six co-authors), 4) Laboratory Exercises in Astrophysics (10 co- authors), University of Athens.

Μουστάκας Λεωνίδας

Μουσχοβίας Τηλέμαχος

Θέση:	Καθηγητής ΑΕΙ/ΤΕΙ, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
PhD:	1975, Dept. of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, ΗΠΑ
Τίτλος:	Static equilibria of the interstellar gas in the presence of magnetic and gravitational fields
Supervisor(s):	Field George
Βιογραφικό:	Professor Mouschovias received his bachelor degree in physics from Yale University in 1968, and his Ph.D. in physics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1975. He joined the University of Illinois as an assistant professor of physics and astronomy in 1977. The long-term goal of Professor Mouschovias research has been to decipher the role of cosmic magnetic fields in the formation of stars. He and his graduate students have made seminal contributions in the field, including the resolution of the angular momentum problem (through magnetic braking) and of the central role of ambipolar diffusion in the fragmentation of molecular clouds and star formation, including the determination of the protostellar "initial mass function". His research group made pioneering contributions to our understanding the role of interstellar dust in star formation, not only in determining the degree of ionization in evolving molecular clouds, but also in directly (through collisions) or indirectly (through induced electric fields) coupling the magnetic field to the predominantly neutral matter.

Μουτσούλας Μιχαήλ

Μπαγετάκος Ιώαννης

Μπαλάσης Γεώργιος

Μπαλταγιάννης Αγαμέμνων

Μπάμιας Ιωάννης

Μπαμπασίδης Γεώργιος

Μπάνος Κοσμάς

Μπάνος Γεώργιος

Μπαρμπάνης Βασίλειος

Θέση:	Καθηγητής ΑΕΙ/ΤΕΙ, Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης
PhD:	1962, Τμήμα Φυσικής, Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης, Ελλάδα
Τίτλος:	Εφαρμογή του Τρίτου Ολοκληρώματος εις την Κατανομήν των Αστρικών Ταχυτήτων
Supervisor(s):	Κοντόπουλος Γεώργιος
Βιογραφικό:	Barbanis Vassilios, (1926-2006) Professor (Emeritus), Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. He was born in Athens, Greece, on the 26th of October, 1926. He received the B.Sc. in Mathematics from the University of Athens, Greece (1953) and the Ph.D. in Astronomy from the University of Thessaloniki (1953). He worked at the Department of Physics at the same University and reached the position of the Docent (1968). He has been elected as Professor of Astronomy of the University of Patras, Greece (1969-1979) and, finally, he was elected as Professor of Astronomy at the University of Thessaloniki, Greece. For one year (1955-56) he has worked as Research Associate at the Department of Astronomy of the Columbia University of N.Y., U.S.A. His scientific interests included the Dynamics of Stellar systems, stellar paths in galactic models and the chaotic behaviour of dynamical systems with two and three degrees of freedom. He had published many papers in refereed scientific journals and proceedings of international meetings as well as 6 textbooks and one scientific book.

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